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Glossary

Clear definitions of the sustainability, climate, and ESG terms that matter most — from CBAM and CSRD to SBTi and PCAF. Written by Semtrio's advisory team.

Are there any terms you don't recognise?

Browse A-Z

B

Base Year Recalculation

Base year recalculation is the adjustment of an organisation's historical base year emissions to keep them comparable after structural changes — such as acquisitions, divestments or methodology updates — so that progress against a target is measured consistently over time.

Carbon Accounting

Baseline (Carbon Projects)

A baseline is the reference scenario of what emissions would have been without a carbon project, against which the project's reductions or removals are measured.

Carbon Markets

Baseline Year

A baseline year is the reference year against which an organisation measures its emissions performance over time and sets reduction targets, chosen for data quality and representativeness and recalculated when the organisation changes structurally.

Carbon Accounting

Biodiversity Credits

A biodiversity credit is a tradable unit representing a measurable, verified gain in biodiversity resulting from a conservation or restoration activity.

Climate Strategy

Biodiversity Footprint

A biodiversity footprint is a quantified assessment of an organisation's impacts on biodiversity across its operations and value chain, expressed in metrics that support comparison, target-setting and disclosure.

Climate Strategy

Biodiversity Strategy

A biodiversity strategy is an organisation's plan for assessing, reducing and managing its impacts and dependencies on nature and ecosystems across its operations and value chain.

Climate Strategy

Biogenic CO₂

Biogenic CO₂ is carbon dioxide released from biological sources — the combustion or decomposition of biomass such as wood, crops or biofuels — that is accounted for separately from fossil CO₂ because its carbon was recently absorbed from the atmosphere.

Carbon Accounting

Blended Finance

Blended finance is the strategic use of public or philanthropic capital to mobilise private investment into sustainable-development projects that would otherwise be considered too risky.

Sustainable Finance
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Have a question we haven't defined yet?

If you're working through a regulatory framework or sustainability challenge and need clarity on a specific term or concept — our team is here to help directly.